Think Better · 45 sec
Dunning–Kruger effect
A compact thinking tool for spotting patterns and avoiding mistakes.
The useful idea
- The useful idea
The Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias that describes the systematic tendency of people with low ability in a specific area to give overly positive assessments of this ability.
- How it works
The term may also refer to the tendency of high performers to underestimate their skills.
- Why it matters
The effect was formalized and empirically studied by the psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger in 1999.
Why this matters
Use Dunning–Kruger effect as a quick check before trusting your first conclusion.
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Use Dunning–Kruger effect as a quick check before trusting your first conclusion.
Test your recall
Which idea belongs to the explanation of Dunning–Kruger effect?
- The useful idea — correct
- How it works
- Why it matters
The Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias that describes the systematic tendency of people with low ability in a specific area to give overly positive assessments of this ability.